What is the difference between disability and difficulty?

The difference between difficulty and disability is hard to determine. In a broad sense, a difficulty causes a task to take longer or require more effort to complete, but it remains possible to perform the task. A disability prevents the performance of the task.

Examining specific cases is easier to analyze the difference between disabilities and difficulties. A learning difficulty is classified and includes diagnoses such as Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) and dyslexia. Sufferers can still learn, but often require coping mechanisms. People with learning disabilities have a mental impairment which affects their learning. 

Outside the world of education, the distinction becomes more difficult to discern and much more emotional. The difference is more technical and any label should be carefully reviewed. A person with a missing leg is technically disabled because that person cannot walk without an artificial aid. Still, that person might not call themselves disabled because he or she can achieve the task with mechanical coping mechanisms. 

The inability to complete a task does not imply a disability. The inability must be caused by some defect which prohibits completion under any circumstance. An overweight individual may not be able to complete a marathon, but that does not create a disability for him or her because it is still theoretically possible to train to complete the task.

The coordinates of a triangle are A(6,0), B(0,6), C(6,6). Find the orthocenter using {q(y2-y1), -q(x2-x1)} where q= (x1x2+y1y1)/(x1y2-x2y1)``

Hello!

This triangle is a right one: the side BC is horizontal and the side AC is vertical, therefore the angle C is right.

For a right triangle, both legs are also its altitudes. Their intersection is the vertex of a right triangle, therefore it is the orthocenter.

So the answer is O(6,6). It is possible that the expressions involving q have some relation to the orthocenter, but for this case they are excess.

What feelings of nationalism led to the American Revolution?

Under British control prior to 1763, the colonists enjoyed limited self-rule.  They were free to tax themselves.  Britain had tax laws, but seldom applied them--the colonists often bribed the underpaid and understaffed British officials.  The colonists also took up a large share of their own defense against the French and their Indian allies in the Seven Years' War.  After the war ended in 1763, all of this changed.  The British started to send more officials to the colonies to collect taxes and to ensure that navigation acts were followed.  Parliament insisted that the local assemblies that the colonists had depended on for local governance could be dissolved at any time.  Through boycott, Americans learned how to be more self-sufficient--this was the first "buy American" movement and helped to fuel the idea that the colonists were more "American" than "British."  Bad management by the British, such as trying colonial tax dodgers without juries and quartering redocats in meeting houses also led to the concept that the Americans were different than the British.  

What is the effect of reduction in per unit tax on market supply of a good?

The question asks about the effect of a reduction in per unit tax on the market supply of a good. We will assume that this refers to a tax placed on the item at point of sale and assessed by the retailer. The effect of such a tax is to increase the price seen by consumers by the amount of the tax at every point along the supply curve. Therefore a reduction in the tax will in essence shift the market supply curve downward by the amount of the reduction. Given a normal (downward sloping) demand curve, a new equilibrium price and quantity will be established at a higher quantity demanded and a lower price. Note that, assuming competitive markets and an upward sloping (but not vertical) supply curve, the new equilibrium price will not fall by the full amount of the reduction. This is because the increase in quantity demanded will provide suppliers the opportunity to raise prices slightly relative to the previous price minus the reduction. That is, the new equilibrium price will be somewhere between the old price on the one hand and the old price minus the amount by which the tax was reduced on the other. Where it ends up between those two points depends on the relative elasticities of demand and supply at the original equilibrium point. There are longer term effects as well. Namely, the increase in quantity demanded will encourage investment on the supply side in additional productive capacity. This will change the market supply curve in the long run, moving it downward and in the direction of greater quantity supplied at any given price.

How could Gulliver’s character be briefly described based on his experience with the Lilliputians and Blefuscudians?

Gulliver has a mild and fair disposition, which he exhibits when he is with the Lilliputians. When they have tied him up, he thinks that he can easily free himself from their chains, as they are so small. However, he doesn't attempt to flee, in part because they pierce him with small and relatively painless arrows and in part because he is thankful to them for their hospitality. When a colonel of the Lilliputians rounds up the ringleaders of the crowd that is shooting arrows at Gulliver, the colonel hands these small men to Gulliver. Though he could easily eat them alive, Gulliver instead lets them go free. Later, he also saves part of the palace from fire (which he does by putting his urine on it). In addition, he learns their language and offers the monarch to protect him against the Lilliputians' mortal enemies, the Blefuscudians.

However, Gulliver refuses to violate his ideas about fairness when the Lilliputians ask him to do so. When the monarch of Lilliput wants to enslave the Blefuscudians, Gulliver refuses to support him, saying, "I would never be an instrument of bringing a free and brave people into slavery" (page 33). Eventually, he is accused of treason and must leave Lilliput, but his behavior while he's there shows him to be fair-minded and of a gentle temperament.

In King Lear, why did Cordelia leave the kingdom?

In King Lear, Cordelia leaves the kingdom because her father, King Lear, banishes her.

In the play's opening scene, King Lear approaches his three daughters and asks them to display their love towards him.  The first two daughters, Regan and Goneril, make dramatic and elaborate scenes of their affections. When it is Cordelia's turn, she breaks from her sisters and refuses to participate in such a public display. With statements such as "Love, and be silent" and “Unhappy that I am, I cannot heave / My heart into my mouth. I love your majesty / According to my bond; no more nor less,” Lear feels offended by Cordelia. He refuses to acknowledge his daughter and denies her inheritance. His anger toward her is strong:

By all the operation of the orbs
From whom we do exist and cease to be;
Here I disclaim all my paternal care,
Propinquity and property of blood,
And as a stranger to my heart and me
Hold thee from this for ever.

The intensity of Lear's language reflects how deeply Cordelia affected him. When he "disclaims" his paternal responsibilities toward her and deems her as a "stranger to my heart," it is clear Lear feels the bond between them cannot be restored. As a result, Cordelia does not really leave the kingdom. Rather, she is exiled, sent out by her father.

How could you argue that Agamemnon deserves Achilles' armor in The Iliad?

The story of what happens to Achilles' armor after his death is not actually told in the Iliad but appears in a lost epic called the "Little Iliad". Sophocles's Ajax is based on the dispute between Odysseus and Ajax over who should be awarded the armor. The two kings, Agamemnon and Menelaus, judge the dispute, but were never actually in the running for the armor, which was to be awarded to the greatest remaining warrior. Neither of the two kings were outstanding warriors.

Ajax is a warrior of the traditional heroic mold, physically strong and brave, proud, stubborn, and quick to anger. Odysseus, although lacking in Ajax's strength or heroic flair, is far cleverer and more effective. He is known for his cunning and his intelligence enables him to be more effective than the physically more impressive Ajax. Thus the kings with the collusion of Athena (the patron goddess of Odysseus) award the armor to Odysseus, at which point Ajax goes mad.

There would really be no point awarding the best available armor to Agamemnon who is not one of the stronger fighters in the army and does not really belong on the front lines.