Tuesday, December 22, 2015

What are 3 examples of irony in "A Modest Proposal"?

One example of irony is in the title: "A Modest Proposal."  The narrator goes on to propose that the Irish sell their babies to the English as a food source so that the Irish can make a profit, help to support their families, and keep those families from growing too large to support.  Such a proposal is hardly a modest one: "modest," in part, means not being bold, and this proposal is quite bold.  Further, the narrator is hardly modest in making this proposal; he is clearly very proud of his idea and believes that he should be honored for it.  Since irony exists when there is a discrepancy between expectation and reality, calling such a proposal a modest one is certainly ironic.


The narrator says, "whoever could find out a fair, cheap and easy method of making these [impoverished Irish] Children sound and useful Members of the common-wealth would deserve so well of the publick, as to have his Statue set up for a preserver of the Nation."  It is ironic to call his method for dealing with these children -- that they be sold for food, even to use their skin for gloves and boots -- "fair, cheap and easy."  It is not fair that the Irish are in the terrible economic and political position they are in, nor to suggest that they part with their babies and agree to allow them to be eaten.  Further, it would hardly be an easy thing to do: to sell one's child for food.  The discrepancy between the reality of the proposal and the adjectives the speaker uses to describe it creates irony.


Moreover, the speaker also says, "There is likewise another great Advantage in my Scheme, that it will prevent those voluntary Abortions, and that horrid practice of Women murdering their Bastard Children, alas! too frequent among us, Sacrificing the poor innocent Babes, I doubt, more to avoid the Expence, than the Shame, which would move Tears and Pity in the most Savage and inhuman breast."  The speaker prides himself on the fact that his proposal will prevent the "murdering [of] poor innocent Babes" without acknowledgement (or awareness, apparently) that what he's proposing is still murder!  It's just murder for a different reason: not for the purpose of disposing of the child but for making the child "useful" (as he says in the quotation in the paragraph above).  The narrator's willingness to speak out against murder when his proposal relies on murder is certainly ironic.

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