Although diverse in their treatment and technique, many stories are about individuals struggling with a complex sets of external forces that...

In Tan's "Two Kinds" and Jackson's "The Lottery," social expectation regulates in self-definition.

Social expectation plays a large role in forming June's identity and in guiding Suyan's hopes for her daughter. Suyuan believes that her daughter can be a child prodigy because, in America, "you could be anything you wanted to be." This mythology is associated with the dream of unlimited hope in America. Aspiring to this standard causes her to embrace a "Shirley Temple" prodigy image for her daughter. At first, June also embraces this external reality in the way she sees herself:

In fact, in the beginning I was just as excited as my mother, maybe even more so. I pictured this prodigy part of me as many different images, and I tried each one on for size. I was a dainty ballerina girl standing by the curtain, waiting to hear the music that would send me floating on my tiptoes. I was like the Christ child lifted out of the straw manger, crying with holy indignity. I was Cinderella stepping from her pumpkin carriage with sparkly cartoon music filling the air.

June and Suyan form their definition of identity in accordance to an external reality. Eventually, June rejects this definition. The hurt this triggers between mother and daughter reflects the zeal with which both allowed something external to influence both of their identities. The social expectation of how people in America are supposed to act regulates June's self-definition, and her mother's hopes for her.

In Jackson's "The Lottery," self-definition is seen in the social expectation of the lottery. The town's tradition defines how people see themselves. Old Man Warner articulates the social importance of the town's ritual:

Pack of crazy fools [people who want to get rid of the lottery]...  Listening to the young folks, nothing’s good enough for them. Next thing you know, they’ll be wanting to go back to living in caves, nobody work any more, live that way for a while. Used to be a saying about Lottery in June, corn be heavy soon... There’s always been a lottery...

The lottery is an embedded part of cultural practice and individual identity. It regulates the way people in the town see themselves. Old Man Warner's beliefs link the lottery to agricultural bounty, social advancement, and cultural practice.

Jackson shows how the people in the town view their own identity in accordance to the lottery. For example, Tessie Hutchinson looked forward to the lottery. She was excited and eager to attend the proceedings. At the story's start, she is joking with other members of the community and even getting laughs when she loudly encourages her husband to get the family's slip of paper from the box. Prior to being selected, she defines herself in a socially prominent way. However, once it is clear that she and her family are selected, Tessie defines herself as a victim. She protests the lottery's procedure. When it is evident that she has been chosen, she defines herself as victim of a unfair and unrighteous practice. Tessie's self-definition is external. It shows the extent to which the lottery defines individuals. 

In both works, social reality plays a significant role in self-definition. External forces regulate the self-perceptions of Suyan, June, and Tessie.

Can someone describe Makepeace's character to me?

Makepeace is a complex character who changes significantly throughout Caleb's Crossing. He is the son of a local pastor and the brother of the main character, Bethia. Makepeace is a very religious young man who aspires to study at Harvard University. Despite his lofty ambitions, he is not academically gifted and has great difficulty achieving his goals. Makepeace is relatively close to Bethia and their sister Solace towards the beginning of the story, but his character development creates a schism in the family.

Makepeace fears the pagan influence of Caleb and his culture and is highly opposed to his relationship with Bethia. In fact, Makepeace grows paranoid and begins to blame Caleb for many negative events that happen throughout the story. He grows bold in his own authority as a young man living within a Puritan society and abuses his position. Eventually, his cruelty escalates to the point where he beats Bethia and reports her for using profanity.

As the story continues, Makepeace eventually undergoes some degree of growth as a person. He demonstrates family loyalty and a desire to make amends by keeping Bethia's secret about Anne. While Makepeace is not explicitly described as a villain, he does fulfill the role of the antagonist at multiple points throughout Bethia's story.

Does the big bang theory or the steady state theory explain the origin of the universe better? Why?

The big bang theory is currently the best theory of how the universe was created. 

The steady state model concluded that the observable universe was of a constant density because there was a source of matter in the universe generating new energy. At the time, the concept of matter being neither created nor destroyed was still new and contested. The theory of the big bang states that there is a constant amount of energy in the universe. All of this energy was created in the moment of the big bang.

There are several reasons the steady state theory is discounted. The first is the fact that the universe is changing. By looking through telescopes into deep space, we can see effectively into the past of the universe. At the furthest reaches of observable space, things are different. Radio wave-emitting stars, forming galaxies, and more varieties of stars can be found, suggesting a changing universe over time. 

The steady state theory is also discounted because of cosmic microwave background radiation. This field of radiation is almost strictly uniform in wavelength and direction, showing no point of origin. This implies there is no point where matter is being generated and no point where energy is being created. It also aligns with the theory of a cooling blackbody, which the big bang theory suggested.

Newer data today still refutes the concept of steady state. The recent discovery of gravitational waves is evidence of colliding supermassive black holes from the time after the big bang. Even the concept of Hubble's Law refutes the steady state theory, as stars can be observed to have velocities away from the point of observation proportional to the distance away.

The big bang theory explains the origin of the universe far better than the steady state theory.

A sample of gas contains 3 moles of argon and 5 moles of krypton. If the argon exerts a pressure of 210 torr, what is the pressure of the krypton?...

Hello!

This is a situation where two different gases are mixed in a common volume `V,` and they possess the same temperature `T.`  It is also important that these gases don't react with each other. In our case these gases are noble and don't react with anything.

Dalton's law of partial pressures states that for such a situation the total pressure is the sum of the partial pressures of both gases, `P = P_(Ar) + P_(Kr).` From the ideal gas law we know that

`P_(Ar) = n_(Ar)*(RT)/V`  and  `P_(Kr) = n_(Kr)*(RT)/V.`

`R` is a constant, `T` and `V` are the same for both gases, `n` is a quantity of a corresponding gas in moles.

Therefore `P_(Ar)/P_(Kr) = n_(Ar)/n_(Kr),`  so

`P_(Kr) = P_(Ar)*n_(Kr)/n_(Ar) = 210*5/3 = 350 (To rr),`

and the total pressure is  `210+350 = 560 (To rr).`

The answer: the pressure of krypton is 350 Torr. The total pressure is 560 Torr.

What relevance does Social Exchange Theory have to Corporate Social Responsibility?

Social Exchange Theory is a complex theory that describes how people interact and relate with others in economic and social settings. Simplified, the theory states that people make choices based on their perception of the cost and reward of each interaction in which they are involved.

Social Corporate Responsibility is the idea that companies should not simply exploit resources and labor to maximize their profits; instead, they should actively take a role in promoting and aiding worthwhile social causes.

How do these two concepts work together? Companies that make an effort to be socially responsible are more likely to value their employees and reward them appropriately. Likewise, according to Social Exchange Theory, employees who receive the reward of good working conditions, pay, benefits, etc. are motivated to invest more effort in their jobs (in this sense, their effort is the "cost" part of the equation).

Many employees also feel a sense of personal satisfaction when working for a company that behaves in a socially responsible manner. Even though this personal satisfaction is not financial, it is still a reward that can help cultivate a positive culture within a business.  

What is the best way to get stronger Pokemon in Pokemon Go?

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How does Jane Austen portray middle class people realistically in Pride and Prejudice?

This is a very important question because the notion of class is one of the most important themes in Jane Austen's Pride and Prejudice. Often, when people discuss the dynamic of class in the book, they reference Darcy's "upper class" mixing with Elizabeth Bennet's "middle class" status. However, while this comparison is neat and tidy, it's not really accurate. Mr. Bennet is actually an upper class gentleman and, although his fortunes seem to be declining somewhat, that would also make his daughters members of the upper class. That said, Mrs. Bennet does comes from a lower, more middle class background. This is not to say that her family is poor by any means; rather, it just means that Mrs. Bennet's relatives actually have to work for a living, while upper class gentlemen like Mr. Darcy enjoy inherited fortunes and lives of leisure. Even so, the Bennet family is actually upper class, although Mrs. Bennet's more middle class background complicates this status somewhat. 

In any case, one of the ways in which Jane Austen realistically portrays the middle class is by showing how anxious the middle class is to prove its worth to the upper classes. As we all know, Mrs. Bennet (who has married into the upper class, but has a more middle class background) is anxious that her daughters marry and make "good matches." A "good match" would involve marrying a man of considerable fortune and reputation (a man, in other words, from the upper class). By pushing her daughters to marry such men, Mrs. Bennet hopes not only to have her daughters provided for, but also that they will finally be fully accepted into the elite social circle which they are technically already part of, but still somewhat tenuously connected to. In this way, Austen is showing the ways in which people of middle class backgrounds are anxious to be accepted by the snobbish upper class. 

It's worth noting that, in representing this middle class anxiety, Austen's also trying to deconstruct the rigid notions of class in the first place. After all, the middle class characters in the novel are usually presented as financially stable, and even prosperous. However, because their wealth comes from work, rather than inheritance, the elite class persists in rejecting the "newly rich." By illustrating how frivolous this idea is, Austen creates a brilliant, satirical commentary on England's class structure.