What is the difference between a natural disaster and a natural phenomenon?

A natural phenomenon is an event that occurs in nature without man’s input. For instance, the sun always rises from the east and sets in the west. The weather and weather patterns are also other forms of natural phenomena. Events such as earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, erosion, the decomposition of matter, and chemical reactions can also be referred to as natural phenomena. Most natural phenomena can be perceived by the senses and can also be studied.

Natural disasters, on the other hand, are events caused by the natural phenomena, but resulting in significant damaging effects including loss of lives, property and any other result that may be considered adverse. Earthquakes are a form of natural phenomenon; however, when they occur and cause buildings to collapse, leading to loss of lives and property, then the earthquake becomes a natural disaster. Thus, natural disasters are determined not by the occurrence of the natural phenomena, but the resulting effect.

How did the Berlin Conference affect various African people?

The effect of the Berlin Conference on African peoples was profound. This was because it played a major role in sparking the so-called "scramble for Africa" among European colonial powers that led to the colonization of almost the entire continent by the end of the nineteenth century. This was true for two reasons. First, by resolving a series of disputes about access to rivers and already existing colonial borders, the Conference created a international legal framework by which the powers of Europe could colonize new territories without worrying about going to war. Second, the agreement reached at the Conference mandated that European powers actually physically colonize territories they claimed by establishing a presence there. This caused countries to rush to build railroads, cities, and military installations in lands they had already claimed. The result of this was a much more intrusive European presence in Africa than had previously existed. So while in some ways the Conference only ratified a trend that had been going on for a long time, it did also encourage increased European presence in Africa, a process that was disastrous for millions of African peoples across the continent.

In Freak the Mighty by Rodman Philbrick, what do the boys do after the bird is rescued?

The short answer is that they hang out and become friends.

This happens in Chapter 3, right as Max sees Kevin leaping up, trying unsuccessfully to reach an object that has become stuck in a tree. It's a toy of Kevin's: a little birdlike object that really flies. Kevin clearly is upset; he wants his beloved toy back. But he's too short to reach it. Even his long crutch doesn't help.

Max, though, is very tall. After he helps Kevin by rescuing the toy from the tree, the two new friends talk about the bird toy (which is called an ornithopter) and Kevin impresses Max with his large vocabulary. Almost an hour goes by, and they have to stop playing with the ornithopter because its elastic part breaks. Kevin assures Max that it can be fixed later, and then Max wheels Kevin over to Max's house in the wagon to show him his room. That's when the chapter closes, as the friendship has begun.

This scene is important because it shows us how well Max and Kevin get along. They are instantly friends, even though they are so different--perhaps because they are so different. Max, with his enormous height, can get the toy down from the tree with no problem, and Kevin, with his enormous vocabulary, can dazzle and entertain Max.

How many moles of hydrogen gas would be needed to react with excess carbon dioxide to produce 99.1 moles of water vapor?

Hello!

The first step is to write and balance the chemical equation. it is

`X*H_2 + Y*CO_2 = Z*CH_4 + W*H_2O.`

To balance it, consider equations for `H,` `C` and `O:`

`H:` `2X = 4Z + 2W` (thus `X = 2Z + W`),

`C:` `Y = Z,`

`O:` `2Y = W.`

The irreducible solution is `Y = Z = 1,` `W = 2Y = 2` and `X = 2Z + W = 4,`

`4H_2 + CO_2 = CH_4 + 2H_2O.`

The second step is to create and solve a simple proportion: `4` moles of hydrogen gas `H_2` are required for each `2` moles of water, and `h` moles of hydrogen is required for `99.1` moles of water.

The proportion is  `4 : 2 = h : 99.1,` thus `h = 99.1*4/2 =198.2` (moles). This is the answer.

Note that this reaction also requires a catalyst and high temperature.

Why did Miss Moore take the students to F.A.O. Schwarz?

In “The Lesson” by Toni Cade Bambara, Ms. Moore teaches the summer students through experience rather than explicit teaching. Ms. Moore understands the inequalities of the world outside of her students’ Harlem neighborhood. They lack the role models for, and the ability to see, the opportunities that are available outside of their tight knit community. The story is narrated by one of the young girls, named Sylvia.

Instead of simply explaining the disparities that exist in the world, Ms. Moore guides them on an expedition to F. A. O. Schwarz in Manhattan. The famous toy store is only a few miles from where they are growing up, but a world away from their lifestyle. In this way Ms. Moore engages the students in the realities of their lives, and forces them to think about the discrepancies in wealth and opportunity between what they see on a daily basis and what occurs in American society. Her main objective is to make them consider their current predicament of life in poverty as compared to that of the wealthy. F. A. O. Schwarz caters to a wealthy clientele who are able to purchase toys costing exorbitant amounts.

“Will you look at this sailboat, please,” say Flyboy, cuttin her off and pointin to the thing like it was his. So once again we tumble all over each other to gaze at this magnificent thing in the toy store which is just big enough to maybe sail two kittens across the pond if you strap them to the posts tight. We all start reciting the price tag like we in assembly. “Handcrafted sailboat of fiberglass at one thousand one hundred ninety-five dollars.”

“Unbelievable,” I hear myself say and am really stunned. I read it again for myself just in case the group recitation put me in a trance. Same thing. For some reason this pisses me off. We look at Miss Moore and she looking at us, waiting for I dunno what.

The students compare the price of the toy to the amount it costs to feed a family. They begin to see the monetary inequities for themselves. Ms. Moore is aware this is not something she could teach them; it is something they had to see, feel, and take to heart. Sylvia, for all of her bravado, begins to feel something stir inside of her when it is time to enter the store. 

But I feel funny, shame. But what I got to be shamed about? Got as much right to go in as anybody. But somehow I can’t seem to get hold of the door, so I step away for Sugar to lead. But she hangs back too. And I look at her and she looks at me and this is ridiculous.

Upon returning to their own neighborhood, the students and teacher participate in a discussion during which they make some prophetic statements.

“Imagine for a minute what kind of society it is in which some people can spend on a toy what it would cost to feed a family of six or seven. What do you think?”

“I think,” say Sugar pushing me off her feet like she never done before, cause I whip her ass in a minute, “that this is not much of a democracy if you ask me. Equal chance to pursue happiness means an equal crack at the dough, don’t it?”

Ms. Moore knows the trip into town was a success. And, although Sylvia will not give Ms. Moore the satisfaction of talking about it, she becomes introspective as she thinks about the events of the day, and she declares to herself, “But ain’t nobody gonna beat me at nuthin.”

How do we know that the house in which Helen Keller lived was beautiful?

We know that Helen considered the house where she grew up beautiful because of the gardens surrounding it.

Helen spent her early childhood in a little house on the Keller homestead.  In general, whether your question refers to that or the homestead in general, Helen’s childhood was full of beauty because she loved nature.

The Keller homestead, where the family lived, was a few steps from our little rose-bower. It was called "Ivy Green" because the house and the surrounding trees and fences were covered with beautiful English ivy. Its old-fashioned garden was the paradise of my childhood. (Ch. 1)

When she could see, she was enamored of the shadows and the beautiful flowers. Even after she lost her sight and hearing, nature was a refuge to her.  Nature was important to Helen Keller because you do not need to be able to see or hear in order to enjoy it.  You can still smell and feel it.

… I used to feel along the square stiff boxwood hedges, and, guided by the sense of smell, would find the first violets and lilies. There, too, after a fit of temper, I went to find comfort and to hide my hot face in the cool leaves and grass. … (Ch. 1)

Even after Helen Keller’s teacher Anne Sullivan came, she still enjoyed being out in nature.  They would have their lessons outside in the beautiful gardens, instead of in a classroom.  Helen loved those lessons, and felt everyone should learn that way.

When Helen was five years old, she moved from the little vine-covered house to the big house, but it made no difference to her because the beauty of nature was what mattered.  She could smell that beauty.  What the house actually looked like would not have mattered to someone who could not see and hear.

Briefly explain the association between the climatic conditions experienced in Australia and the population distribution in the country.

One has only to place a climate map of Australia next to a population density map of Australia to see that there is a significant association between the climate in Australia and where in the country people choose to live.

The population of Australia is about 24 million people, approximately 69% of whom live in major cities. The major cities in Australia are located on the southwest and southeast coasts, where the climate is temperate. People do live in the more remote areas of the country, but relatively few compared to the number of people residing in the major cities.

The remote areas of Australia are predominantly desert and grasslands, and only about 2.3% of Australia’s population lives there. Obviously, desert climates are known to have very hot weather in the daytime and very cold nights.  So you can see that population density in the country is heavily influenced by its climate.

I’ve included links to the relevant maps below. I hope this helps!